How does a gas thermometer work?
Gas thermometers are an ideal way to measure temperature. They are mainly used in extreme temperatures. This is how the thermometer works.
The point of a gas thermometer
- The gas thermometer works by measuring pressure. A gas thermometer therefore offers a decisive advantage over conventional thermometers. Normal thermometers, which usually measure with the help of mercury or alcohol, can only in certain, right If narrow temperature ranges are used, the gas thermometer is also suitable for extreme temperatures suitable.
- Gas is made up of gas molecules. These have a negligible intrinsic volume, which means that the temperature measurement can work very precisely.
This is how the thermometer works
- A gas thermometer works with gas. It works like this: All fabrics are compressible in one way or another. This means that their density changes as soon as you put a certain pressure on them. Gas is also very compressible.
- Therefore, the density or the volume of gas under pressure and temperature. This means that the gas thermometer is actually an ideal thermometer. However, it is not actually the temperature that is measured, but the pressure exerted by the gas. If the temperature remains the same, the pressure remains the same. It increases proportionally to the temperature.
- The gas thermometer is calibrated with ice and boiling water. Ice always melts at around 0 °. Depending on the air pressure, water begins to simmer at different temperatures. First you measure the air pressure. The boiling point of the water is measured.
- Next, the internal pressure in the gas thermometer is determined first with ice water and then with boiling water. The expansion coefficient of the gas is calculated from the internal pressure difference.
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