VIDEO: Structure of DNA simply explained
The structure of DNA is structured
DNA is specifically called deoxyribonucleic acid, its structure consists of building blocks. It consists of the basic building block nucleotide, which is a molecule.
- DNA has a good basic structure, the so-called primary structure, and a spatial structure, the secondary structure.
- The structure is designed so that each molecule (nucleotide) consists of three components: a phosphate group, an organic base and a sugar.
- The DNA also contains the blueprint for all the proteins that an organism can produce.
- Take the enzymes, for example. Without this, no reaction in a living being is possible. In order for the genetic information to be read, the enzymes are also important.
- The DNA is also the store of the genetic information of every cell. This in turn is the smallest living unit. It grows, reproduces and passes on to offspring the same information that it carries. The offspring can grow and multiply in this way.
Try pronouncing the term deoxyribonucleic acid. Not so …
The genetic information easily explained
It doesn't matter if it's a plant, a bacterium, a fungus or a human. Everything is made up of cells. And in these cells is the DNA: the entire genetic information of a living being.
- The structure is simply explained. The DNA is an intelligent blueprint. Living beings need all useful information for their development: the genes. The information is, for example, the color of the hair or eyes, but also the color of the skin.
- The genetic information varies from person to person. DNA will never be the same. Even with twins, it's unlikely. Every living being is individual. For example, criminals can be caught using their DNA. If it matches the DNA found at the crime scene, there is no longer any doubt.
In 1944, an American physicist explained the structure of DNA and demonstrated that the genetic information of a cell consists of DNA. Previously, it was assumed that the genetic information resides in the proteins.
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