Dynamic in classical music

What does dynamic mean?

• In classical music, dynamics refers to everything that relates to volume.
• For example, one section can be played softly and another loud. All levels in between can also be described in the dynamic.
• However, the definition refers not only to the current volume, but also to the volume curve.
• Sections can swell or swell in terms of volume, or they can also remain at a volume level.
• This offers a variety of design options that contribute to the interest of the music.


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Volume signs in classical music

For the dynamics there are many characters in classical music that one must learn in order to play them from sheet music.

• The lowercase letter "f" in a curved font means "forte". Here should be played loud and powerful.
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• A small curved "p", on the other hand, stands for "piano" and means that you have to play softly.
• There is also "mp" or "mf", where the "m" stands for "mezzo", which means something like "medium". So "mp" is a medium piano, a little louder than a normal "p", while "mf" is a little quieter than "forte".
• It also happens that two "ff" or even three "fff" are in a row. This means fortissimo or Fortefortissimo and is always louder than the normal forte.
• Pianissimo ("pp"), on the other hand, is quieter than piano, and "ppp" is even quieter to play.
• If you want to emphasize suddenly and only one note or a chord by volume, you will see an "sf" in the notes, namely Sforzato.
• There are also signs that symbolize an increase or decrease in swelling.
• Here, for example, there are the normal characters, but they appear a bit elongated. Smaller than stands for getting louder and vice versa.
• These Symbols can alternatively be exchanged for cresc. (Crescendo - getting louder) or decresc. (get quieter).